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2014年8月名人照片泄露事件

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2014年8月名人照片泄露事件,又称iCloud名人照片泄露(英语:iCloud leaks of celebrity photos),在欧美它被戏称为“Fappening[1][2][3][4]或者“Celebgate”(名人门),中文媒体称之为“好莱坞艳照门[5][6],是指2014年8月31日,约200张大多为好莱坞女性艺人的私人照片(包括等不雅隐私内容)被人盗取并上传至了贴图网站4chan[7],有匿名人士用比特币交换所购得的照片[8]。照片随后被RedditImgurTumblr用户转发。苹果公司调查发现,这些私人照片的盗取者为了获取图片,非常有针对性地攻击了帐户名、密码和安全问题[9][10]

内容与受害者

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最初公布的影片和照片涉及100多人[11],包括热门影星[12][13]。艳照遭泄后不久,一些受影响名人发表声明,证明或否认照片的真实性[14][15]。证实私照真实性的名人有珍妮佛·劳伦斯(由发言人证实)[16]凯特·阿普顿及其男友贾斯丁·韦兰德(由厄普顿律师证实)[17][18][19]玛丽·伊丽莎白·文斯蒂德(透过Twitter证实)[20][21]凯莉·库柯(透过Twitter证实)[22][23]克尔斯滕·邓斯特(还批评了iCloud服务)[24][25]吉尔·斯科特透过Twitter证实遭泄的照片有一张是自己的,但另外一张是假的[26]

否认照片真实性的名人有亚莉安娜·格兰德[27][28]伊冯娜·斯特拉霍夫斯基[29]。奥运体操选手麦琪拉·玛隆妮起初在推特上否认照片的真实性[30][31],后来证实照片是合法的,自己拍下照片时尚未成年[32]维多利亚·嘉丝蒂否认照片的真实性,但后来在Twitter上表示将采取法律行动,认为泄露不仅对自己的隐私构成巨大的侵犯,也包括所有涉事名人的隐私[27][33]

散播

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被匿名上传至Reddit和4chan后,照片在网上迅速流传[34]。名人八卦博主佩雷斯·希尔顿转发照片不久后撤下,并发布道歉声明称做了个错误示范[35][36]

事件的主要散播站点Reddit创建了部分照片的外链,当天就吸引75000名网民。Reddit管理员因违反网站反凭证追踪原则而遭到谴责[37]。至于玛隆妮未满18岁时拍下的照片,Reddit员工为其表示失望,并警告称,任何人转发此前在事件中流出的《莉斯的高中生活英语My Life as Liz》未成年照片,会被网站永久封禁,并面临分发儿童色情物品的检控[32]

照片被公开前的几个星期就在私底下流传,但细节尚未清楚。有迹象表明存在未公开的照片和视频[38]。《每日邮报》引述4chan和Deadspin的匿名海报,称骇客圈子、交易员和销售者为了大量释放酝酿了数月[2]

媒体反应

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作家范·巴德姆谴责泄漏照片及分享照片的网民[39]。演员莉娜·丹恩在Twitter上恳请人们不要阅览照片,称会亵渎涉事女性[40]。女演员艾玛·沃特森不仅谴责公布照片的行为,还称社交媒体没有同情心[41]。演员塞斯·罗根卢卡斯·奈夫亦对发布照片的骇客和网民表示反对[42]底特律老虎王牌投手维兰德此前在对阵克里夫兰印第安人比赛中,透露公开私生活的意愿,宁愿集中于老虎队与堪萨斯城皇家争夺美国联盟中区比赛,而不让队友分心[43]

照片在网上流传后不久,《福布斯》撰文呼吁大众不要用iCloud存储敏感照片[44],并用另一篇文章介绍如何全面关闭iCloud[45]

事件派生了许多名字,包括“Fappening”(“The Happening”和“fap”混合,意为“手淫”)[46]和“Celebgate”(名人门)(取义于水门事件[47])。这个词遭到《每日电讯报》的批评[48],认为不仅会淡化事件性质,而且为异常严峻的形势施放烟雾。该报文章的标题和子标题用到了这一词语[4]

美国有艺术家为达到抗议谷歌集成免费功能,使得用户资料及喜好全部被掌握,发起“恐惧谷歌”活动,更将珍妮佛·劳伦斯和凯特·阿普顿的裸照公开展示[49]

调查

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联邦调查局表示已掌握到电脑入侵和非法高调释放私人资料的指控[50][51]。珍妮佛·劳伦斯已联络警方,其公关人员表示当局会检控泄露其照片的任何人[52]。《福布斯》专栏作家约瑟夫·斯坦伯格质疑执法机关和技术提供商的反应,指出名人与普通公民的处理方法不同,案件的执法可能不合法[44]

苹果表示正核查iCloud服务是否存在为照片泄漏有责任的安全漏洞,表示会“非常认真地对待用户隐私[53]”。起初,涉及查找我的iPhone服务的安全漏洞,允许骇客运行脚本反复猜测用户密码,直到找到正确密码。苹果已修复该漏洞[54]。安全专家表示,安全漏洞可能阻止双重身份验证启动。“一般而言,苹果提供这种保护有点晚,还不张扬。”安全公司FireEye的达里恩·欣德隆德威胁情报组组长表示[53]

2014年9月2日,苹果发布新闻稿称“经过40多个小时的调查,发现某些被破坏的名人帐户的用户名、密码和安全问题被非常有针对性的攻击,这种做法在网上太常见[55][56]。”

安全专家Nik Cubrilovic表示,除了照片,简讯、日历、通讯录、电话调用记录及其他储存在电话中的数据,备份至云服务容易被盗[57][58]

后续

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这件事直到最近幕后骇客也已经曝光,由瑞恩柯林斯和曾任职过高中教师克里斯托弗·布兰南(Christopher Brannan)所犯下案行,两人分别被美国联邦检查官办公室判34个月和5年刑期。[59]

政策调整

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苹果CEO蒂姆·库克接受《华尔街日报》采访时表示,公司计划采取额外措施保护用户安全发送电邮和推送通知,以防有人将iCloud数据还原至新装置,或使用新装置登录账户[60]

参见

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参考资料

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外部链接

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