羅拉德派
羅拉德派（Lollardy），或稱羅拉德主義（Lollardism）、羅拉德運動（Lollard movement）是英格蘭宗教改革期間產生的一個新教流派。由約翰·威克里夫在1381年發起，旨在反抗天主教的權威[1]。其信仰依據為羅拉德派的十二點結論。
信仰
[編輯]羅拉德派使用英譯聖經[2]，認為聖經至上[3]。在聖餐的問題上，主張聖體共在論，反對聖餐變體論。[4][5]
他們認為要得到救贖，洗禮和告解都不是必須的。認為禱告、齋戒都沒有任何聖經上的依據。反對偶像崇拜與教宗的赦免[2]。
約翰·佛克塞將羅拉德派的信仰總結為四條：反聖徒崇拜、反朝聖、反聖餐變體論、要求使用英文聖經。[6]
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Roberts, Chris, Heavy Words Lightly Thrown: The Reason Behind Rhyme, Thorndike Press, 2006, ISBN 0-7862-8517-6.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Aston, Margaret. Lollardy - Oxford Reference. Encyclopedia of the Reformation. 1996 [2017-05-31]. ISBN 978-0-19-506493-3. （原始內容存檔於2021-04-01）. – 透過OUP
- ^ Hudson 1988，第280頁.
- ^ Walker, Greg. Reading Literature Historically: Drama and Poetry from Chaucer to the Reformation. Edinburgh University Press. 6 February 2013: 152. ISBN 9780748681037 （英語）.
- ^ Hornbeck, J. Patrick. What is a lollard?: dissent and belief in late medieval England. Oxford University Press. 10 September 2010: 72. ISBN 9780199589043 （英語）.
- ^ Walker, Greg. Heretical Sects in Pre-Reformation England. History Today. 1993-05-01 [2017-05-30]. （原始內容存檔於2017-08-30）. – 透過HighBeam
- Duffy, Eamon, The Stripping of the Altars, Yale University Press, 1992.
- Hudson, Anne, The Ideology of Reformation, The Premature Reformation: Wycliffite Texts and Lollard History, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988.
- Lowe, Ben, Teaching in the 'Schole of Christ': Law, Learning, and Love in Early Lollard Pacifism, Catholic Historical Review, 2004, 90 (3): 405–38, doi:10.1353/cat.2004.0142.
- Lutton, Robert, Lollardy and Orthodox Religion in Pre-Reformation England, Woodbridge and Suffolk, UK: Boydell and Brewer, 2006.
- McFarlane, KB, The Origins of Religious Dissent in England, 1952.
- Rex, Richard, The Lollards: Social History in Perspective, New York: Palgrave, 2002.
- Robson, John Adam. Wyclif and the Oxford Schools: The Relation of the "Summa de Ente" to Scholastic Debates at Oxford in the Later Fourteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1961.
- edit & trans. Shannon McSheffrey and Norman Tanner (編). Lollards of Coventry, 1486–1522. Royal Historical Society (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 2003. Camden Fifth Series 23.
- McSheffrey, Shannon. Heresy, Orthodoxy and English Vernacular Religion 1480–1525. Past and Present. 2005, 186 (1): 47–80 [2018-11-28]. doi:10.1093/pastj/gti001. （原始內容存檔於2021-04-01）.
外部連結
[編輯]
- The Lollard Society — society dedicated to providing a forum for the study of the Lollards
- BBC radio 4 discussion （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） from In Our Time. "John Wyclif and the Lollards". (45 mins)
