環肽

環肽（cyclic peptide）是包含環狀鍵序列的多肽鏈。這可以通過肽的氨基和羧基末端之間的連接來實現，例如在環孢素中。氨基端和側鏈之間的連接，例如桿菌肽中的連接；羧基末端和側鏈，例如在粘菌素中；或兩個側鏈或更複雜的排列方式，例如鵝膏毒肽。在自然界中已經發現了許多環肽，並且在實驗室中已經合成了許多其他環肽。它們的長度範圍從僅兩個到數百個氨基酸殘基。在自然界中，它們通常具有抗微生物或毒性；在醫學上，它們有多種應用，例如用作抗生素和免疫抑制劑^[1]。薄層色譜法（Thin-Layer Chromatography , 縮寫：TLC）是檢測生物質粗提物中環肽的一種便捷方法^[2]。

生物合成

植物中的環肽是通過兩步過程合成的。線性肽鏈的翻譯，以及隨後通過蛋白酶樣酶的活性或其他方式形成環狀結構的方法^[3]^[4]^[5]。

參考文獻

^ Jensen, Knud. Peptide and Protein Design for Biopharmaceutical Applications. John Wiley & Sons. 2009-09-01 [2019-10-08]. ISBN 9780470749715. （原始內容存檔於2017-10-23）（英語）.
^ Wenyan, Xu; Jun, Tang; Changjiu, Ji; Wenjun, He; Ninghua, Tan. Application of a TLC chemical method to detection of cyclotides in plants. Science Bulletin. 2008, 53 (11): 1671–1674. doi:10.1007/s11434-008-0178-8.
^ Barber, Carla J. S.; Pujara, Pareshkumar T.; Reed, Darwin W.; Chiwocha, Shiela; Zhang, Haixia; Covello, Patrick S. The Two-step Biosynthesis of Cyclic Peptides from Linear Precursors in a Member of the Plant Family Caryophyllaceae Involves Cyclization by a Serine Protease-like Enzyme. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2013, 288 (18): 12500–12510. PMC 3642298 . PMID 23486480. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.437947.
^ Wenyan Xu; et al. Various mechanisms in cyclopeptide production from precursors synthesized independently of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. 2011, 43 (10): 757–762. PMC 3180235 . PMID 21764803. doi:10.1093/abbs/gmr062.
^ Wenyan Xu; et al. Plant Cyclopeptides and Possible Biosynthetic Mechanisms.

外部連結

Cybase （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：Cyclic+Peptides

[1] Jensen, Knud. Peptide and Protein Design for Biopharmaceutical Applications. John Wiley & Sons. 2009-09-01 [2019-10-08]. ISBN 9780470749715. （原始內容存檔於2017-10-23）（英語）.

[2] Wenyan, Xu; Jun, Tang; Changjiu, Ji; Wenjun, He; Ninghua, Tan. Application of a TLC chemical method to detection of cyclotides in plants. Science Bulletin. 2008, 53 (11): 1671–1674. doi:10.1007/s11434-008-0178-8.

[3] Barber, Carla J. S.; Pujara, Pareshkumar T.; Reed, Darwin W.; Chiwocha, Shiela; Zhang, Haixia; Covello, Patrick S. The Two-step Biosynthesis of Cyclic Peptides from Linear Precursors in a Member of the Plant Family Caryophyllaceae Involves Cyclization by a Serine Protease-like Enzyme. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2013, 288 (18): 12500–12510. PMC 3642298 . PMID 23486480. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.437947.

[4] Wenyan Xu; et al. Various mechanisms in cyclopeptide production from precursors synthesized independently of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. 2011, 43 (10): 757–762. PMC 3180235 . PMID 21764803. doi:10.1093/abbs/gmr062.

[5] Wenyan Xu; et al. Plant Cyclopeptides and Possible Biosynthetic Mechanisms.

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