香蕉皮

香蕉皮是指香蕉的果皮。香蕉皮可以當做食物來食用，也可以用來水淨化以及製造多種生化產品。

用途

一般人食用了香蕉後會直接丟棄香蕉皮^[1]^[2]。不過香蕉皮經過加工後可以成為牛、山羊、豬、猴子、家禽、兔子、魚、斑馬等動物的飼料。^[3]^[4]^[5]

香蕉皮的營養價值取決於香蕉的成熟度以及品種^[4]。

香蕉皮還可用於水淨化、生產乙醇^[6]、纖維素酶^[7]、漆酶^[8]^[9]，香蕉皮也可以用作肥料^[10]和堆肥。 ^[11]

烹飪

東南亞、印度和委內瑞拉等地有人會將香蕉皮燒熟後食用。^[12]^[13] 2020 年，大英烤焗大賽大賽冠軍納迪婭·侯賽因（英語：Nadiya Hussain）透露，為減少食物浪費，她在製作漢堡包時會用香蕉皮代替豬肉。^[14]^[15]

其他

香蕉皮的摩擦力只有0.07，因此人們踩到香蕉皮後很有可能會滑倒。研究人員認為這是由於香蕉皮的多糖濾泡凝膠被踩碎後，會釋放出溶膠，從而造成一定的危險。 ^[16]研究人員憑藉這一發現獲得了2014年度的搞笑諾貝爾獎。^[17]

參考文獻

^ Derived from: FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. [2022-07-13]. （原始內容存檔於2013-04-01）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） The data for bananas and plantains for 2011 were combined as the two are distinguished by some countries but combined under "bananas" by others.
^ G.M. Babatunde: Availability of banana and plantain products for animal feeding. In: D. Machin, S. Nyvold: Roots, tubers, plantains and bananas in animal feeding. Proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation held in CIAT, Cali, Colombia FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PAPER 95, FAO, Rome, 1992.
^ Heuzé V., Tran G., Archimède H., 25 March 2016. Banana peels. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/684 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Retrieved 24 August 2017.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Happi Emaga, T. ; Bindelle, J. ; Agneesens, R. ; Buldgen, A. ; Wathelet, B. ; Paquot, M., 2011. Ripening influences banana and plantain peels composition and energy content. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 43 (1): 171-177
^ Onwuka, C. F. I. ; Adetiloye, P. O. ; Afolami, C. A., 1997. Use of household wastes and crop residues in small ruminant feeding in Nigeria. Small Rumin. Res., 24: 233-237
^ A. Chaparadza, JM Hossenlopp: adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics of atrazine removal using a banana peel based sorbent. Water Science Technology 65 (5), 2012, pp. 940-947
^ HS Oberoi, PV Vadlani, L. Saida, S. Bansal, JD Hughes: ethanol production from banana peels using Statistically optimized simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process. Waste Management 31 (7), 2011, pp. 1576–1584
^ V. Vivekanand, P. Dwivedi, N. Pareek, RP Singh: Banana peel: a potential substrates for laccase production by Aspergillus fumigatus VkJ2.4.5 in solid-state fermentation. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 165 (1), 2011, pp. 204-20
^ Hai-Yan Sun, Li Juanhua, Pingjuan Zhao, Ming Peng: Banana peel. A novel substrates for cellulase production under solid-state fermentation African Journal of Biotechnology 10 (77), 2011, pp. 1788
^ How To Use Banana Peels In Your Garden. FrugalChicken. 5 July 2015 [6 July 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-06）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ F. Kalemelawa, E. Nishihara, T. Endo, Z. Ahmad, R. Yeasmin, MM Tenywa, S. Yamamoto, "An evaluation of aerobic and anaerobic composting of banana peels treated with different inoculum for soil nutrient replenishment", Bioresource Technology 126, 2012 pp. 375-82
^ Cash, Meredith. A vegan food blogger's recipe using banana peel as a pulled 'pork' substitute is dividing the internet, but it's not as uncommon as you might think. Insider. 2019-03-29 [2021-02-03].
^ Abernethy, Laura. We tried the vegan pulled pork made from banana peel - and it was actually good. Metro. 2019-04-03 [2021-02-03]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-10）（英語）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ Bake Off's Nadiya Hussain makes 'banana peel burgers' – and says they taste like pulled pork. Heart. 4 April 2020 [2021-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-25）（英語）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ Yeates, Cydney. Nigella Lawson throws banana skin into curry - and people are concerned. Metro. 2020-11-10 [2021-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-16）（英語）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ Kiyoshi Mabuchi; Kensei Tanaka; Daichi Uchijima; Rina Sakai. Frictional coefficient under banana skin. Tribology Online. 2012, 7 (3): 147–151 [2022-07-13]. doi:10.2474/trol.7.147 . （原始內容存檔於2020-05-17）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ The 2014 Ig Nobel Prize Winners. August 2006 [2022-07-13]. （原始內容存檔於2013-02-26）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[fao-1] Derived from: FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. [2022-07-13]. （原始內容存檔於2013-04-01）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） The data for bananas and plantains for 2011 were combined as the two are distinguished by some countries but combined under "bananas" by others.

[availability-2] G.M. Babatunde: Availability of banana and plantain products for animal feeding. In: D. Machin, S. Nyvold: Roots, tubers, plantains and bananas in animal feeding. Proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation held in CIAT, Cali, Colombia FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PAPER 95, FAO, Rome, 1992.

[feedipedia-3] Heuzé V., Tran G., Archimède H., 25 March 2016. Banana peels. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/684 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Retrieved 24 August 2017.

[he-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Happi Emaga, T. ; Bindelle, J. ; Agneesens, R. ; Buldgen, A. ; Wathelet, B. ; Paquot, M., 2011. Ripening influences banana and plantain peels composition and energy content. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 43 (1): 171-177

[adetiloye-5] Onwuka, C. F. I. ; Adetiloye, P. O. ; Afolami, C. A., 1997. Use of household wastes and crop residues in small ruminant feeding in Nigeria. Small Rumin. Res., 24: 233-237

[thermodynamics-6] A. Chaparadza, JM Hossenlopp: adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics of atrazine removal using a banana peel based sorbent. Water Science Technology 65 (5), 2012, pp. 940-947

[saccharification-7] HS Oberoi, PV Vadlani, L. Saida, S. Bansal, JD Hughes: ethanol production from banana peels using Statistically optimized simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process. Waste Management 31 (7), 2011, pp. 1576–1584

[biotechnology1-8] V. Vivekanand, P. Dwivedi, N. Pareek, RP Singh: Banana peel: a potential substrates for laccase production by Aspergillus fumigatus VkJ2.4.5 in solid-state fermentation. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 165 (1), 2011, pp. 204-20

[biotechnology-9] Hai-Yan Sun, Li Juanhua, Pingjuan Zhao, Ming Peng: Banana peel. A novel substrates for cellulase production under solid-state fermentation African Journal of Biotechnology 10 (77), 2011, pp. 1788

[fertilizer-10] How To Use Banana Peels In Your Garden. FrugalChicken. 5 July 2015 [6 July 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-06）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[replenishment-11] F. Kalemelawa, E. Nishihara, T. Endo, Z. Ahmad, R. Yeasmin, MM Tenywa, S. Yamamoto, "An evaluation of aerobic and anaerobic composting of banana peels treated with different inoculum for soil nutrient replenishment", Bioresource Technology 126, 2012 pp. 375-82

[12] Cash, Meredith. A vegan food blogger's recipe using banana peel as a pulled 'pork' substitute is dividing the internet, but it's not as uncommon as you might think. Insider. 2019-03-29 [2021-02-03].

[13] Abernethy, Laura. We tried the vegan pulled pork made from banana peel - and it was actually good. Metro. 2019-04-03 [2021-02-03]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-10）（英語）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[14] Bake Off's Nadiya Hussain makes 'banana peel burgers' – and says they taste like pulled pork. Heart. 4 April 2020 [2021-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-25）（英語）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[15] Yeates, Cydney. Nigella Lawson throws banana skin into curry - and people are concerned. Metro. 2020-11-10 [2021-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-16）（英語）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[16] Kiyoshi Mabuchi; Kensei Tanaka; Daichi Uchijima; Rina Sakai. Frictional coefficient under banana skin. Tribology Online. 2012, 7 (3): 147–151 [2022-07-13]. doi:10.2474/trol.7.147 . （原始內容存檔於2020-05-17）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[17] The 2014 Ig Nobel Prize Winners. August 2006 [2022-07-13]. （原始內容存檔於2013-02-26）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

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