查戈夫法則

查加夫規則（由埃爾文·查加夫於1940年提出，也稱查格夫法則）規定，在任何物種和任何生物體的DNA中，鳥嘌呤（G）的含量應等於胞嘧啶（C）的含量，腺嘌呤（A）的含量應等於胸腺嘧啶（T）的含量。此外，嘌呤（G、A）和嘧啶（C、T）鹼基的化學計量比應為1:1（即A+G=T+C ）。該規則在 DNA 的兩條鏈中都有發現。^[1] ^[2] ^[3]

定義

查加夫第一對等規則

第一對等規則認為，構成雙鏈DNA分子的鹼基總體上具有百分比對相等性：A% = T% 和 G% = C%。該規則在各生物體中的嚴格驗證是DNA雙螺旋模型中鹼基對的基礎。

查加夫第二對等規則

第二對等規則認為 A% ≈ Τ% 和 G% ≈ C% 對於雙鏈DNA中的每一條都有效。 ^[4]這描述了DNA單鏈中鹼基組成的整體特徵，且非嚴格等於。 ^[5]

參見

參考

^ Elson D, Chargaff E. On the deoxyribonucleic acid content of sea urchin gametes. Experientia. 1952, 8 (4): 143–145. PMID 14945441. S2CID 36803326. doi:10.1007/BF02170221.
^ Chargaff E, Lipshitz R, Green C. Composition of the deoxypentose nucleic acids of four genera of sea-urchin. J Biol Chem. 1952, 195 (1): 155–160. PMID 14938364. S2CID 11358561. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50884-5 .
^ Krebs, Jocelyn E.; Goldstein, Elliott S.; Kilpatrick, Stephen T.; Lewin, Benjamin. Lewin's genes XII Twelfth edition. Burlington, Mass: Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2018. ISBN 978-1-284-10449-3.
^ Rudner, R; Karkas, JD; Chargaff, E. Separation of B. Subtilis DNA into complementary strands. 3. Direct analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1968, 60 (3): 921–2. Bibcode:1968PNAS...60..921R. PMC 225140 . PMID 4970114. doi:10.1073/pnas.60.3.921 .
^ Zhang CT, Zhang R, Ou HY. The Z curve database: a oraphic representation of genome sequences. Bioinformatics. 2003,. 19 [issue=5 (5): 590–599. PMID 12651717. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btg041 .

[Elson1952-1] Elson D, Chargaff E. On the deoxyribonucleic acid content of sea urchin gametes. Experientia. 1952, 8 (4): 143–145. PMID 14945441. S2CID 36803326. doi:10.1007/BF02170221.

[Chargaff1952-2] Chargaff E, Lipshitz R, Green C. Composition of the deoxypentose nucleic acids of four genera of sea-urchin. J Biol Chem. 1952, 195 (1): 155–160. PMID 14938364. S2CID 11358561. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50884-5 .

[3] Krebs, Jocelyn E.; Goldstein, Elliott S.; Kilpatrick, Stephen T.; Lewin, Benjamin. Lewin's genes XII Twelfth edition. Burlington, Mass: Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2018. ISBN 978-1-284-10449-3.

[Rudner1968-4] Rudner, R; Karkas, JD; Chargaff, E. Separation of B. Subtilis DNA into complementary strands. 3. Direct analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1968, 60 (3): 921–2. Bibcode:1968PNAS...60..921R. PMC 225140 . PMID 4970114. doi:10.1073/pnas.60.3.921 .

[Zhung2003_externallinks-5] Zhang CT, Zhang R, Ou HY. The Z curve database: a oraphic representation of genome sequences. Bioinformatics. 2003,. 19 [issue=5 (5): 590–599. PMID 12651717. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btg041 .

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