表面纹理是物质界面的性质,由地形、表面粗糙度、起伏度三个特征定义。[1]当表面并非理想地光滑,而是有局部的微小偏差时,这些偏差就组成了表面纹理。
表面纹理是决定摩擦力的重要因素,并在层间滑动时传递层的信息。对于不同滑动条件下表面纹理对摩擦力和磨损的影响,有可观的研究。表面纹理可以是各向同性的,也可以是各向异性的。当表面具有某些纹理时,在滑动中能观察到粘滑摩擦现象。
Each manufacturing process (such as the many kinds of machining) produces a surface texture. The process is usually optimized to ensure that the resulting texture is usable. If necessary, an additional process will be added to modify the initial texture. The latter process may be grinding (abrasive cutting), polishing, lapping, abrasive blasting, honing, electrical discharge machining (EDM), milling, lithography, industrial etching/chemical milling, laser texturing, or other processes.
原流程图来自英文维基百科,这里对其表格化。
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success
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Can you stay cool?
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Yes
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前项结束后开始后项
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shower them with wikilove
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Are they being disruptive?
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Yes
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No
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report them to an administrator
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Are they sock puppeting?
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Yes
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No
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report them to an administrator
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前项结束后开始后项
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shower them with wikilove
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If they have lost their cool
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try to form a consensus on the talk page
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If a consensus has not been formed
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shower them with wikilove
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前项结束后开始后项
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shower them with wikilove
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seek feedback from wikiquette alerts
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前项结束后开始后项
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shower them with wikilove
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seek an editor review of yourself
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Should your behavior change?
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Yes
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change your behavior
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No
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begin dispute resolution
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No
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take a wikibreak
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top-down
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bottom-up
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a+b
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a+b+c
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(a+b)+c
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a+b+c+d
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(a+b)+(c+d)
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(a+b)+(c+d)
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+
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+
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+
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a...b
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c...d
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a...b
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c...d
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+
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+
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+
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(a+b)+(c+d)
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((a+b)+c)+d
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((a+b)+c)+d
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+
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+
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d
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+
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c
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a
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b
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a
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b
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c
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d
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+
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((a+b)+c)+d
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加零 |
相反数相加 |
加法交换律 |
加法结合律
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b
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c
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a
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+
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c
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a
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b
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+
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a
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b...c
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同加法,只要把 b 换成 -b 即可。
同加法,只要把 + 换成 * 即可。
乘零 |
乘一 |
倒数相乘 (a≠0) |
乘法交换律 |
乘法结合律 |
乘法分配律
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b
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c
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a
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*
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*
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*
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*
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c
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a
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b
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*
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a
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b...c
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b
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c
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a
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+
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*
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+
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*
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*
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a...b
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a...c
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同乘法,只要把 b 换成 /b 即可。
平方和的开方 |
平方差的开方
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sqrt(a^2+b^2+c^2)
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sqrt(_^2+_^2+_^2)
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a
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b...c
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sqrt(a^2-b^2)
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sqrt(_^2-_^2)
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a
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b
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top-down
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bottom-up
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dx
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dx/dt
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d^2x/dt^2
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d^2x/dt^2
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d^2/dt
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x
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d/dt
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dx/dt
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d/dt
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x
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和的微分 |
积的微分
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a
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b
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d
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*
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+
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*
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*
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b
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a
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d...a
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d...b
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由于维基百科的虫,内容已移至User:CaffeineP/课程笔记本/质点力学。
(考虑中)我将来可能将这些原创内容发到维基学院。
另见User:CaffeineP/数学式的推导(表格形式)。
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r
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v
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a
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F
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a
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d/dr
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v
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d/dt...r
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d^2/dr^2
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r
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固定空间直角坐标系
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r
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+
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*...*
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*
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x...i...y
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j...z...k
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v
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d/dt
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r
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+
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*...*
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*
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x...i...y
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j...z...k
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+
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+...+
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+
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*...*...*
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*...*...*
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i...x...j
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y...k...z
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d/dt...x...d/dt...i...d/dt...y
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d/dt...j...d/dt...z...d/dt...k
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0
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0...0
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0
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0...0
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+
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*...*
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*
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i
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j...k
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d/dt...x...d/dt
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y...d/dt...z
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vx
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vy...vz
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v
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+
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*...*
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*
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i
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j...k
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d/dt...x...d/dt
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y...d/dt...z
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d/dt...x...d/dt
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y...d/dt...z
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p
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*
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m
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v
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*
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*...*
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*
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i
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j...k
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d/dt...x...d/dt
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y...d/dt...z
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px
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py...pz
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p
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*
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m
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+
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*...*
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*
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i
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j...k
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d/dt...x...d/dt
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y...d/dt...z
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*...*
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*
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m...m
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m
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d/dt...x...d/dt
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y...d/dt...z
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Template:BS-map
[[:#if:ax~~! !BHF\\\\\BHF\\\\\BHF~~ay...az
STRrg\STRq\STRq\ABZlr\STRq\STRq\STRq\STRq\ABZlr\STRq\STRq\STRq\STRq\ABZlr\STRq\STRq\STRlg
STR\\\\\\\\uBHF\\\\\\\\STR~~a
STR\\\\\\\\uLSTR\\\\\\\\STR
+~~! !STR\\\\\\\\uHST\\\\\\\\STR
STR\\\uSTRrg\uSTRq\uSTRq\uSTRq\uSTRq\uABZglr\uSTRq\uSTRq\uSTRq\uSTRq\uSTRlg\\\STR
- ...*~~! !STR\\\uHST\\\\\uHST\\\\\uHST\\\STR~~*
STR\\uSTRrg\uABZlr\uSTRlg\\\uSTRrg\uABZlr\uSTRlg\\\uSTRrg\uABZlr\uSTRlg\\STR
i~~! !STR\uSTRrg\uABZlr\uSTRlg\uBHF\\uSTRrg\uABZlr\uSTRlg\uBHF\\uSTRrg\uABZlr\uSTRlg\uBHF\\STR~~j...k
d^2/dt^2...x...d^2/dt^2~~! !STR\uHST\\uBHF\uSTR\\uHST\\uBHF\uSTR\\uHST\\uBHF\uSTR\\STR~~y...d^2/dt^2...z
STRlf\STRq\STRq\ABZ+lr\STRq\STRq\STRq\STRq\ABZ+lr\STRq\STRq\STRq\STRq\ABZ+lr\STRq\STRq\STRrf
STRrg\ABZlr\STRlg\\\STRrg\ABZlr\STRlg\\\STRrg\ABZlr\STRlg
d^2/dt^2...x...d^2/dt^2~~! !HST\\BHF\\\HST\\BHF\\\HST\\BHF~~y...d^2/dt^2...z]]
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固定平面直角坐标系
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单元格B
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单元格C
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单元格D
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单元格G
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固定平面极坐标系
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单元格B
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单元格C
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单元格D
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单元格G
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自然坐标系
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单元格B
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单元格C
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单元格D
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单元格G
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匀速平动参考系空间直角坐标系
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单元格B
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单元格C
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单元格D
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单元格G
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- ^ Degarmo, Black & Kohser 2003,第223页 harvnb模板错误: 无指向目标: CITEREFDegarmoBlackKohser2003 (帮助).