多甲总纲
多甲总纲
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| 普通黄道蟹（Cancer pagurus） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 亚门： | 甲壳亚门 Crustacea |
| 总纲： | 多甲总纲 Multicrustacea Regier, Shultz, Zwick, Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin & Cunningham, 2010[1] |
| 纲 | |
多甲总纲（学名：Multicrustacea）是甲壳亚门动物经支序亲缘分析之后，把原来成员重新组合的两个两个总纲级演化支之一（另一总纲是寡甲总纲）[2][1][3]，占甲壳亚门所有物种数量的五分之四，包括各种常见的甲壳类动物：螃蟹、龙虾、真虾、 潮虫、枝鳃亚目、磷虾、藤壶、淡水龙虾、桡脚类、端足类及其他物种。当中数量最庞大的一支为软甲纲（见下一节的详细分类）。
分类
[编辑]截至2019年10月22日[update]，WoRMS纪录这总纲由下列两个纲组成[2][1][4][3][5][6]：
- 六幼生纲 Hexanauplia Oakley, 2013
- 桡足亚纲 Copepoda Milne-Edwards, 1840
- 新桡足下纲 Neocopepoda Huys & Boxshall, 1991
- Infra-class Progymnoplea Lang, 1948
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- 平角目 Platycopioida Fosshagen, 1985
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- 微虾亚纲 Tantulocarida Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Family Basipodellidae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Family Deoterthridae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987
- Family Doryphallophoridae Huys, 1991
- Family Microdajidae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987
- Family Onceroxenidae Huys, 1991
- Subclass 鞘甲纲 Gruvel, 1905
- Infra-class 囊胸亚纲 Lacaze-Duthiers, 1880
- Order Dendrogastrida Grygier, 1987
- Order 树囊虱目 Grygier, 1987
- Infra-class 藤壶下纲 Cirripedia Burmeister, 1834
- 尖胸总目 Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905
- Order Cryptophialida Kolbasov, Newman & Hoeg, 2009
- Order Lithoglyphidae Kolbasov, Newman & Hoeg, 2009
- 根头总目 根头下纲 Müller, 1862
- 无刺胞幼体目 Akentrogonida Häfele, 1911
- 有刺胞幼体目 Kentrogonida Delage, 1884
- 围胸总目 Thoracica Darwin, 1854：旧作围胸目。
- Order Cyprilepadiformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006[7]
- 鸟嘴目 Ibliformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006：包含旧有的鸟嘴亚目[8]。
- 鸟嘴亚目 Iblomorpha Newman, 1987
- 茗荷目 Lepadiformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006：[9][10]
- 异茗荷亚目 Heteralepadomorpha Newman, 1987：旧属有柄目
- 茗荷亚目 Lepadomorpha Pilsbry, 1916：旧属有柄目
- Suborder Praelepadomorpha
- 铠茗荷目 Scalpelliformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006：从旧有铠茗荷亚目直接提升至目级[11]。
- 无柄目 Sessilia Lamarck, 1818
- 尖胸总目 Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905
- Infra-class Facetotecta Grygier, 1985
- Genus Hansenocaris Ito, 1985
- Infra-class 囊胸亚纲 Lacaze-Duthiers, 1880
- 桡足亚纲 Copepoda Milne-Edwards, 1840
- 软甲纲 Malacostraca Latreille, 1802
- Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892
- 真虾总目 Eucarida Calman, 1904
- 异虾目 Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973
- 十足目 Decapoda Latreille, 1802：包括各种虾类、小龙虾、龙虾、galathees等物种
- 磷虾目 Euphausiacea Dana, 1852
- 囊虾总目 PeracaridaCalman, 1904
- 端足类 AmphipodaLatreille, 1816
- Order Bochusacea
- 涟虫目 Cumacea Krøyer, 1846
- 等足目 Isopoda Latreille, 1817
- Order Lophogastrida Sars, 1870
- 混足目 Mictacea Bowman, Garner, Hessler, Iliffe & Sanders, 1985
- Order Mysida Haworth, 1825
- 臀头虾目 Pygocephalomorpha †
- 盲虾目 Spelaeogriphacea Gordon, 1957
- Order Stygiomysida Tchindonova, 1981
- Order Tanaidacea Dana, 1849
- Order Thermosbaenacea Monod, 1927
- Superorder Syncarida Packard, 1879
- Order Anaspidacea Calman, 1904
- 地虾目 Bathynellacea Chappuis, 1915
- Order Palaeocaridacea †
- 真虾总目 Eucarida Calman, 1904
- Subclass Hoplocarida Calman, 1904
- 虾蛄目 Stomatopoda Latreille, 1817
- Subclass Phyllocarida Packard, 1879
- Order Archaeostraca †
- Order Hoplostraca †
- Order Leptostraca Claus, 1880
- Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892
2022年5月，六幼生纲演化支不再被WoRMS接受，原先的下级亚纲提升至纲。
图库
[编辑]-
一只桡脚类动物 -
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Anew Lepas anatifera (Lepadiformes) -
Balth Chthamalus stellatus (无柄目)
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Inch-foot Pollicipes polymerus (有柄目) -
Template:Amphionides reynaudii , the unique 异虾 known. -
Crab Cancer bellianus (真虾总目) -
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分类学参考
[编辑]- 世界海洋物种目录（WoRMS）：taxon Multicrustacea Regier Shultz Zwick Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin & Cunningham, 2010（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ( + class list （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） + orders list （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）)
- Tree of Life Web Project（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） : Multicrustacea
- Animal Diversity Web : Multicrustacea[永久失效链接]
- Catalog of Life : Multicrustacea （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- IUCN : taxon Multicrustacea
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Boxshall, Geoff. Multicrustacea. WoRMS. 2015-05-05 [2019-02-09].
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Boxshall, Geoff. Crustacea. WoRMS. 2015-05-05 [2019-02-09].
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Jerome C. Regier; Jeffrey W. Shultz; Andreas Zwick; April Hussey; Bernard Ball; Regina Wetzer; Joel W. Martin; Clifford W. Cunningham. Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences. Nature. 2010-02-25, 463 (7284): 1079–1083. PMID 20147900. doi:10.1038/nature08742.
- ^ J. C. Regier; J. W. Shultz; R. E. Kambic. Pancrustacean phylogeny: hexapods are terrestrial crustaceans and maxillopods are not monophyletic. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 2005-02-22, 272 (1561): 395–401. PMC 1634985
. PMID 15734694. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2917.
- ^ Bjoern M. von Reumont; Ronald A. Jenner; Matthew A. Wills; Emiliano Dell'Ampio; Günther Pass; Ingo Ebersberger; Benjamin Meyer; Stefan Koenemann; Thomas M. Iliffe; Alexandros Stamatakis; Oliver Niehuis; Karen Meusemann; Bernhard Misof. Pancrustacean phylogeny in the light of new phylogenomic data: support for Remipedia as the possible sister group of Hexapoda. Molecular Biology and Evolution. March 2012, 29 (3): 1031–1045. PMID 22049065. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr270.
- ^ Todd H. Oakley; Joanna M. Wolfe; Annie R. Lindgren; Alexander K. Zaharoff. Phylotranscriptomics to bring the understudied into the fold: monophyletic ostracoda, fossil placement, and pancrustacean phylogeny. Molecular Biology and Evolution. January 2013, 30 (1): 215–233. PMID 22977117. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss216.
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K. Cyprilepadiformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K.; Tran, Bastien. Ibliformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K. Lepadiformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
- ^ Buckeridge, J. S.; Newman, W. A. A revision of the Iblidae and the stalked barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Thoracica), including new ordinal, familial and generic taxa, and two new species from New Zealand and Tasmanian waters. Zootaxa. 2006, 1136: 1–38 （英语）.
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K. Scalpelliformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
