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原始檔案 (525 × 642 像素,檔案大小:177 KB,MIME 類型:image/jpeg


摘要

描述
English: Publicity photo for film The Barretts of Wimpole Street (1934).
日期
來源 eBay
作者
Clarence Bull  (1896–1979)  wikidata:Q15440234
 
別名
Clarence Sinclair Bull; Clarence S. Bull; C. S. Bull
描述 美國攝影師
出生/逝世日期 1896年5月22日 在維基數據編輯 1979年6月8日 在維基數據編輯
出生/逝世地點 森里弗 在維基數據編輯 洛杉磯 在維基數據編輯
權威檔案
creator QS:P170,Q15440234
授權許可
(重用此檔案)
English: This is a publicity still taken and publicly distributed to promote a film actor.
  • As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
    "Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
  • Nancy Wolff, in The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook (Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
    "There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them."
  • Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989, p. 87), writes:
    "According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
  • Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors[1], that:
    "[The conference] expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."

授權條款

本作品在美國屬於公有領域,因為其於1930至1977年(包括)間在美國出版,且沒有著作權聲明。更多詳細資訊,請參閱共享資源:赫特圖表,以及就出版的公共藝術品的詳細說明
作者於1979逝世,因此本作品在版權期限是'作者逝世後30年或更少的管轄區同樣屬於公有領域。本作品可能也在版權期限更長,但對外國作品適用較短期限法則的國家和地區屬於公有領域 '。

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日期/時間縮⁠圖尺寸使用者備⁠註
目前2012年5月2日 (三) 18:41於 2012年5月2日 (三) 18:41 版本的縮圖525 × 642(177 KB)Wikiwatcher1crop and clean
2012年5月2日 (三) 18:30於 2012年5月2日 (三) 18:30 版本的縮圖604 × 1,570(211 KB)Wikiwatcher1{{Information |Description ={{en|1=Publicity photo for film ''Barretts of Wimpole Street''' (1934)}} |Source =[http://www.ebay.com/itm/CHARLES-LAUGHTON-ORIGINAL-vintage-dblwght-CLARENCE-BULL-sta...

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